Table 2 Descriptive statistics of the variables
From: Farmers’ risk attitude, agricultural technology adoption and impacts in Eastern India
Variable | Description | Full sample (N = 2875) | Mechanization | STRV | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Adopters (N = 1585) | Non-adopters (N = 1290) | Mean difference | Adopters (N = 797) | Non-adopters (N = 443) | Mean difference | |||
RICE_PRODUCTIVITY | Rice productivity (quintals/acre) | 13.179 | 14.689 | 11.323 | 3.365*** | 13.660 | 13.600 | 0.060 |
LAND_HOLDING | Household’s own landholding (acres) | 2.212 | 2.780 | 1.514 | 1.266 | 1.693 | 1.821 | -0.128 |
LIVESTOCK_HOLDINGS | Total number of livestock owned by household (count) | 4.923 | 4.615 | 5.302 | − 0.687 | 5.447 | 3.957 | 1.490 |
HH_EDUCATION | Education of the household head (years) | 6.284 | 7.015 | 5.386 | 1.629 | 6.148 | 6.679 | − 0.531 |
HH_AGE | Age of the household head (years) | 52.663 | 53.013 | 52.232 | 0.781 | 50.824 | 54.756 | − 3.932 |
HH_SIZE | Household size (count) | 5.094 | 5.287 | 4.856 | 0.431 | 4.588 | 5.104 | − 0.515 |
HH_GENDER | Household head’s gender (= 1 if female and = 0 if male) | 0.025 | 0.025 | 0.024 | 0.001 | 0.023 | 0.020 | 0.002 |
CASTE_CATEGORY | Caste category (1 = General, 2 = SC, 3 = ST, and 4 = OBC) | 2.712 | 2.415 | 3.078 | − 0.662 | 1.704 | 2.298 | − 0.594 |
DIST_INPUTM | Distance from house to the nearest input market (km) | 3.440 | 3.137 | 3.811 | − 0.674 | 2.583 | 3.270 | − 0.686 |
DIST_OUTPUTM | Distance from house to the nearest output market (km) | 3.608 | 3.471 | 3.778 | − 0.307 | 2.766 | 3.278 | − 0.512 |
PRIM_OCCU | Primary occupation of household head (= 1 if agriculture & allied and 0 if others) | 0.648 | 0.682 | 0.605 | 0.077 | 0.615 | 0.648 | − 0.033 |
RELIGION | Religion (= 1 if Muslim and = 0 if others) | 0.106 | 0.139 | 0.065 | 0.074 | 0.207 | 0.061 | 0.146 |
IRRIGATION_PERCENT | Percent of land under irrigation (%) | 52.759 | 69.639 | 32.019 | 37.620 | 52.993 | 47.473 | 5.520 |
RISK_PREF_BIN | Risk attitude (= 1 if risk seeking and 0 if risk averse) | 0.513 | 0.531 | 0.492 | 0.038 | 0.620 | 0.535 | 0.085 |
TOTAL_FEMALE_HOURS | No. of woman labour-days applied per acre | 24.71 | 25.87 | 23.29 | 2.58* | 20.13 | 15.52 | 4.612*** |
TOTAL_MALE_HOURS | No. of man labour-days applied per acre | 73.65 | 78.84 | 67.28 | 11.56*** | 85.01 | 75.19 | 9.822** |
CHEM_FERTILIZER | Total quantity of chemical fertilizer applied (kg per acre) | 106.09 | 126.34 | 81.21 | 45.13*** | 89.72 | 89.41 | 0.306 |